DREM updates the Time Series of Meteorological Information with 2025 data

The Directorate for Statistics of Madeira (DREM) is updating today, on its website, the "Time Series of Meteorological Information" with data relating to 2025, provided by the Regional Delegation of the Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA, I.P.), in the Autonomous Region of Madeira (ARM).

The Dashboard summarising the main surface meteorological information for 2025 is also being updated, allowing the selection of different indicators for each of the ARM's 20 operational meteorological stations (excluding the Lombo da Terça and Bica da Cana stations, due to the absence of data in 2025).

It should be noted that, from 2025 onwards, the 1991–2020 Climatological Normals are being used, while the 1961–1990 Climatological Normals were used in previous years.

Air Temperature - 2025 was less hot than 2024, but remained above the climatological normal

Although the annual average temperature decreased in 2025 compared with the previous year at all ARM meteorological stations with available information, the observed values remained higher than those of the 1991-2020 climatological normal. The largest positive deviations from the climatological normal were observed at the Chão do Areeiro (+0.9 °C) and Funchal/Observatório (+0.8 °C) stations.

The highest annual average temperature was recorded at the Lugar de Baixo station (20.9 °C), while the lowest occurred at Pico do Areeiro (10.6 °C). As for extreme air temperatures, the maximum temperature was recorded at the Quinta Grande station (33.9 °C), in September, and the minimum at Pico do Areeiro (-2.0 °C), in March and April.

August was the hottest month of 2025 at all meteorological stations. During this month, monthly average temperatures ranged between 17.6 °C at Chão do Areeiro and 24.6 °C at Lugar de Baixo. In contrast, March was the coldest month at practically all stations, with monthly average values ranging between 3.5 °C at Pico do Areeiro and 17.7 °C at Funchal/Observatory.

In 2025, the number of tropical nights - nights in which the minimum temperature was equal to or higher than 20 °C - decreased at almost all stations, compared with the previous year. The Lido meteorological station again recorded the highest number of tropical nights (135), followed by the Porto Moniz station, with 120 nights.

Even so, compared with the 1991-2020 climatological normal, practically all meteorological stations with available information recorded a higher number of tropical nights. The largest positive deviations were observed at the Funchal/Observatory (+42 nights), Santa Catarina/Aeroporto (+31 nights) and Porto Santo/Aeroporto (+28 nights) stations. As in the previous year, the Santana station did not record any tropical nights, standing one night below its respective climatological normal.

In 2025, no significant changes were observed in the number of days with maximum temperature equal to or higher than 30 °C compared with the previous year. The Monte meteorological station recorded the highest number of occurrences, with 6 days.

In 2025, the largest average thermal range (difference between the average maximum temperature and the average minimum temperature recorded) occurred at the Pico do Areeiro station (8.2 °C). The smallest average thermal range was observed at the Funchal/Lido station (3.9 °C).

Precipitation - 2025 was rainier than 2024 and showed totals above the climatological normal

In 2025, all meteorological stations with information available for the last two years recorded annual precipitation totals higher than those observed in 2024. The largest increase compared with the previous year occurred at the Chão do Areeiro station, with an additional 952.1 mm.

Compared with the 1991-2020 climatological normal, all meteorological stations with available information recorded annual precipitation totals higher than their respective reference values. The largest positive deviation was observed at the Chão do Areeiro station (+621.9 mm).

The highest annual precipitation totals were recorded at the Chão do Areeiro (2 825.7 mm) and Pico do Areeiro (2 503.6 mm) stations. Conversely, the Funchal/Lido station recorded the lowest annual total (348.5 mm).

March and December were the rainiest months of 2025 at all meteorological stations, with Chão do Areeiro standing out, recording the highest monthly precipitation total (623.4 mm), in March. Conversely, June was, in general, the least rainy month, with monthly precipitation values ranging between 0.0 mm and 20.3 mm, the latter recorded at the Santana station.

With regard to days with precipitation, Santana recorded the highest number of days with rain (precipitation equal to or higher than 1 mm), with a total of 140 days. Pico do Areeiro, in turn, stood out in the remaining precipitation classes, recording the highest number of rainy days (69 days with precipitation equal to or higher than 10 mm), very rainy days (40 days with precipitation equal to or higher than 20 mm) and extremely rainy days (28 days with precipitation equal to or higher than 30 mm).

In 2025, the Funchal/Lido station again stood out for recording the highest number of dry days among the meteorological stations, with 313 days, 16 more than in 2024.

With regard to the persistence of precipitation, the Funchal/Lido station recorded the longest sequence of consecutive days without precipitation (157 days). The Prazeres and Pico do Areeiro stations, in turn, recorded the longest sequence of consecutive days with precipitation, with 23 days.

Relative air humidity - Values slightly higher than in 2024

In 2025, most meteorological stations with available information recorded annual average relative air humidity values slightly higher than, or equal to, those observed in 2024.

Annual average relative air humidity values ranged between 66%, recorded at the Funchal/Observatory, Quinta Grande and Pico do Areeiro stations, and 85%, observed at the Santana station.

On a monthly scale, the lowest average relative air humidity value (40%) was recorded at the Pico do Areeiro station, in August, while the highest average value (97%) occurred at the Santo da Serra station, in October.

Sunshine, wind and sea water temperature – More hours of sunshine at the Funchal Observatory and lower sea water temperature than in 2024

In 2025, sunshine (number of hours of uncovered sunlight) decreased at the Santa Catarina/Aeroporto and Porto Santo/Aeroporto stations, having increased slightly at the Funchal Observatory (9 more hours than in 2024). The highest number of hours of sunshine was recorded at the Aeroporto/Santa Catarina station, with 2 388.0 hours of sunshine.

In 2025, the average wind intensity decreased at most meteorological stations with annual information available, compared with the previous year. The Caniçal/Ponta de São Lourenço station recorded the highest average intensity (19.9 km/h), while Funchal/Observatory recorded the lowest average intensity (5.7 km/h). The most intense wind gust of the year, of 147 km/h, was recorded at the Chão do Areeiro station in December and at the Santa Catarina/Aeroporto station in November.

In 2025, the average sea water temperature measured at the Molhe da Pontinha (Funchal) was 20.9 °C, lower than that observed in 2024 (21.4 °C). The August average was the highest (23.4 °C) and the March average the lowest (18.5 °C).

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