In January 2025

Average air temperature exceeded climatological normals at all Stations, with changes of around 2°C

The Regional Directorate of Statistics of Madeira (DREM) has released today a summary of the main meteorological data for January 2025, while simultaneously updating the respective Dashboard. This information^¹ is provided by the Delegation of the Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.) in the Autonomous Region of Madeira (ARM).

Air Temperature

In January 2025, the highest average air temperature (19.1°C) was recorded in Porto Moniz, while the lowest average temperature was observed at the Pico do Areeiro station (8.1°C).

Compared to the climatological normals^² for January, all stations for which data were available (six stations) recorded above-average values, with Chão do Areeiro registering the greatest deviation (+3.2°C above the station’s normal).

Regarding absolute maximum and minimum temperatures recorded last month, the highest extremes were observed at Porto Moniz (25.2°C on 10^th January) and Pico do Areeiro (-0.2°C on 24^th January). Notably, the 24^th of January was the coldest day across nine stations.

Precipitation

In January 2025, the highest total precipitation was recorded at the Chão do Areeiro meteorological station (372.5 mm), with the highest daily precipitation at this station occurring on 21^st January (106.6 mm). Conversely, the lowest monthly precipitation was recorded at Selvagem Grande (1.1 mm).

When compared to the climatological normal for January (1961–1990), the Santo da Serra station registered the most significant negative anomaly, with a deficit of 183.8 mm. No station recorded a positive deviation relative to the normal.

An analysis of days with precipitation (rain, rainy and very rainy days) indicates that the maximum number of days with rain (days with at least 0.1 mm of precipitation) was observed at Santo da Serra (19 days). The maximum number of rainy days (days with at least 1.0 mm of precipitation) was recorded at both Santo da Serra and Prazeres (12 days), while Chão do Areeiro recorded the most very rainy days (days with at least 10 mm of precipitation), with a total of seven days.

Relative Humidity

In January 2025, the average monthly values of relative humidity ranged from 55% at Pico do Areeiro to 88% at Prazeres. The minimum daily value (2%) was recorded at Pico do Areeiro on 16^th, 17^th, and 24^th January, whereas the maximum value (100%) was recorded at seven stations on different days throughout the month.

Wind

Among stations equipped with anemometers, Chão do Areeiro recorded the highest average wind intensity in January 2025 (21.9 km/h), while Cancela registered the lowest average (7.3 km/h). The highest wind gust was observed on 21^st January at Chão do Areeiro (106 km/h).

Sunshine Duration

The total sunshine duration (number of hours of clear sky) in January was 179.2 hours at the Funchal/Observatory station (compared to the normal value of 140.4 hours), 165.0 hours at Santa Catarina/Airport, and 139.2 hours at Porto Santo/Airport (normal value: 134.9 hours).

Seawater Temperature

In January, the average seawater temperature measured at Molhe da Pontinha (Funchal) was 19.6°C, representing an increase of +1.3°C compared to the normal value for this month. The highest average temperature was recorded during the first three days of the month (20.2°C), while the lowest (19.1°C) was observed on 22^nd January.

Notes:

^¹ Daily data and cumulative monthly values refer to observations made between 9:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m.

^² The 1971-2000 normals were used for the Porto Santo/Airport and Funchal/Observatory stations. For the other stations, the 1961-1990 normals were applied.

^³ No normal values for sunshine duration exist for the Santa Catarina/Airport station.

For further details, please visit:

• Dashboard (Portuguese only)

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